宜宾学院学报

2022, v.22;No.278(03) 62-70

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试论“双减”在我国减负历程中的地位与作用
On the Position and Functions of “Double Reduction” Policy in the Process of Alleviating Burdens in China

付建霖;

摘要:

长期以来,国家从未停止解决中小学生过重学业负担问题。在校内减负方面,与以往“就事论事”的减负或忽视学生应试需求谈“提质增效”的减负不同,“双减”通过作业控制和“应教尽教”将育人和应试统一于课堂教学之中,切实提升教学效能,使校内减负从“扬汤止沸”走向“釜底抽薪”;在校外减负方面,与以往国家对校外培训机构采取的放任自由和粗放管理态度不同,“双减”开始采取混合模式的策略并关注愈演愈烈的家长焦虑问题,进行精准减负,实现了校外减负的政策转向。无论是校内减负对学生应试需求的考虑还是校外减负对家长焦虑的重视,都属于对隐性负担的关注,“双减”无疑为未来的减负政策提供了一个新的方向,即关注隐性负担,将显性负担和隐性负担同步减少,进而构建良性减负生态、增强减负效能。

关键词: “双减”;课业负担;校外培训;隐性负担

Abstract: For a long time, the state has never stopped lightening primary and secondary school students' excessive academic burden. In the school, unlike previous“skin deep”burden reduction or easing burdens by “improving education quality” without taking students' test-taking needs into account,“double reduction"”unifies education and examination in classroom teaching through homework control and “ying jiao jin jiao”,which indeed enhances teaching efficiency and realizes a foundamental change from “stopping water from boiling by scooping it up and pouring it back” to “taking away the firewood under the cooking pot”. Outside the school, different from the laissez-faire and extensive management attitude adopted by the state toward afterschool training in the past, the policy begins to resort to mixed mode strategy and pays attention to the growing anxiety from parents. Such targeted loads alleviation leads to a policy shift. Whether the consideration of students' exam-oriented needs or the attention of parents' anxiety, it is concerned about recessive burdens.“Double reduction” undoubtedly provides a new direction for future policy of reducing loads: paying attention to hidden burden, reducing both explicit and implicit burden simultaneously, and building a benign burden reduction ecology to boost its efficiency.

Keywords: “double reduction”;study burden;after-school training;implicit burden

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